From ancient origins to modern architecture
The development of timber construction ranges from the simple pile dwellings of early history to the modern hybrid constructions of today. It shows the continuing importance of timber as a versatile and adaptable building material that is constantly being redefined by technical innovations and architectural developments.
- Development in Europe
Wood was a popular building material in Europe until modern times. Construction methods evolved from log to post and beam buildings, with the latter being particularly favoured in areas with few forests. However, these post-and-beam buildings, which required less wood and used flexible filling materials such as clay, had a limited lifespan due to moisture. - Revolution through half-timbered construction
Half-timbered construction, which became established in the northern Alpine regions from the 12th century onwards, brought about a revolution in construction technology. This construction method allowed for more durable structures through the use of posts and struts, which reduced moisture damage and enabled the construction of multi-storey buildings. Timber-framed buildings are characterised by their decorative façades and technical sophistication. - East Asian timber construction
In contrast to European timber construction, traditional East Asian timber construction is mainly a skeleton construction characterised by its complex roof structures. In this building style, it is not the walls but the roof structures that bear the main load, resulting in a unique spatial effect and earthquake resistance. - Influence of industrialisation
With the onset of industrialisation in Europe in the 19th century, traditional timber construction began to be replaced by masonry and reinforced concrete. Nevertheless, timber was revitalised and further developed through innovations such as glued timber beams and new construction techniques. - Renaissance of timber construction in the 21st century
Since the start of the new millennium, timber construction has experienced a rebirth, driven by ecological benefits and technical innovations. Modern construction methods include hybrid structures made of timber, concrete and steel. These developments have led to the diverse and energy-efficient use of timber in architecture. - The future of timber construction
Timber construction has not only changed in terms of construction methods, but also in terms of perception. From traditional methods to digital production and BIM, timber is now a highly modern, versatile building material. With increasing acceptance in building legislation and continuous technical innovation, timber remains a central element of modern architecture.
Wood as a building material has deep historical roots dating back to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. How influential was wood in the construction of pile dwellings in the Lake Constance region and eastern Switzerland back then? What fascinating insights do these early wooden structures offer us? They arose from the need to clear forests for farmland. And so they not only enabled the colonisation of areas near the lake, but also created protection and new transport routes. An astonishing testimony to times gone by that still impresses us today.