Optical adaptation of photovoltaics is convincing
A joint study by the University of Freiburg and Fraunhofer ISE shows: The visual integration of photovoltaics (PV) on buildings plays a key role in their acceptance. Particularly in the case of historical buildings, colour-matched modules lead to a significant improvement in perception.
The social acceptance of photovoltaic (PV) systems on buildings depends largely on their visual design. This is the conclusion reached by the Institute of Psychology at the University of Freiburg and the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE in a comprehensive study. While PV on modern buildings is already perceived positively, its integration into historical buildings poses a greater challenge. This can be remedied by matching the colour of the modules to the building structure.
Angela Zhou, lead author of the study, explains: “The visual impression weighs more heavily than personal values or political attitudes. A homogeneous integration of PV modules can significantly increase acceptance, especially for historic buildings.”
Colour matching through innovative technologies
The study involved both online research based on photos and in the presence of real visual specimens. MorphoColor® technology was used, which enables PV modules to be produced in different colours. Particularly interesting: with the almost invisible integration of photovoltaics, no differences in acceptance between modern and historic buildings could be detected.
Andreas Wessels, co-author of the study, emphasises: “For existing buildings, it is crucial to select PV modules that blend into the overall appearance rather than using them as architectural accents.” This opens up the opportunity for architects and planners to integrate solar energy into existing buildings in a more efficient and aesthetically pleasing way.
The potential of photovoltaics on buildings
Today, 75 per cent of installed PV systems are already located on buildings – and the trend is rising. In order to achieve the energy transition by 2045, around 400 gigawatts of peak installed capacity will be required in Germany. The technical potential of 1000 gigawatts peak shows just how big a contribution building-integrated photovoltaics can make to decarbonising the building sector – without taking up additional space.
Setting the course for the future
The results of the study make it clear that a wide range of colour-matched PV modules is needed to optimally serve different building types – from new builds to historic buildings. With innovative solutions for visual integration, photovoltaics can not only cover energy requirements, but also ensure long-term acceptance among the population.
The combination of aesthetics and functionality is the key to the successful integration of photovoltaics. Colour adaptations and innovative technologies offer enormous potential to establish buildings as the energy source of the future while preserving their architectural character.